The TMJ is classified as a , meaning it functions both as a hinge (rotation) and a sliding joint (translation). Its primary anatomical components include: Mandibular Condyle : The rounded end of the lower jaw.
: Fibrous tissues that surround and stabilize the joint, supported by arterial blood from sources like the superficial temporal and maxillary arteries. Mechanical Function articulatio temporomandibularis
: A unique, biconcave fibrocartilaginous disc that divides the joint into superior and inferior compartments. This disc prevents direct bone-on-bone contact and ensures smooth movement. The TMJ is classified as a , meaning
When the joint or its surrounding muscles fail to function correctly, it results in . Symptoms affect up to 60–70% of the population at some point. Symptoms affect up to 60–70% of the population
: Side-to-side grinding movements used during mastication. Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD)
: Sliding the jaw forward and backward.