Fffm -

: FFFM typically shows a more complex interaction network and higher metabolic levels compared to alcohol-specific microbiota (AFM) [19].

Fused Filament Fabrication Method is the most common 3D printing technology, involving the melting and extrusion of thermoplastic filaments layer-by-layer [29]. : FFFM typically shows a more complex interaction

Depending on your area of interest, "FFFM" can refer to a specific type of 3D printing or a category of biological fermentation. 1. Fused Filament Fabrication Method (FFFM) : It is highly compatible with a variety

: It is widely used for creating complex structures and is generally considered easy to operate compared to other bioprinting methods [29]. and humidity in early stages

: The succession and activity of these microbes are primarily driven by environmental factors like moisture, acidity, and humidity in early stages, while oxygen content becomes critical during middle stages [18, 19].

: It is highly compatible with a variety of biomaterials [29].