In the 11th century, the University of Bologna began "rediscovering" Justinian’s texts, leading to a sophisticated academic approach to law. 4. The Great Divide: Civil Law vs. Common Law
The journey begins with the transition from oral traditions to written codes. The most iconic milestone is the (Mesopotamia, c. 1750 BCE). Known for the "lex talionis" (an eye for an eye), it was one of the first attempts to make laws public and binding, limiting the arbitrary whims of rulers. 2. The Foundation: Roman Law ( Jus Civile ) Genel Hukuk Tarihi
Roman Law is the "DNA" of the modern Continental European (Civil Law) system. The starting point of written Roman law. In the 11th century, the University of Bologna
As modern nations formed, two dominant legal "families" emerged: In the 11th century