Graphene, a single-atom-thick sheet of carbon arranged in a hexagonal honeycomb lattice, is a pioneering two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterial. Since its groundbreaking isolation in 2004, it has attracted immense scientific and industrial attention due to its record-breaking mechanical, electrical, and thermal performances. Fabrication Strategies
Graphene Nanomaterials: Fabrication, Properties, and Emerging Applications
: Graphene-based membranes for highly efficient water desalination and purification.
Approximately 100 times stronger than steel with a Young's modulus of ~1.0 TPa. High electron mobility (up to 200,000 ), making it a zero-bandgap semiconductor. Thermal Conductivity Extremely high values reaching ~5000 , superior to copper and diamond. Optical Transparency