Hlm Software Citation «FRESH × Workflow»

The Importance of Software Citation in Quantitative Research

When writing your "Methods" or "Data Analysis" section, don't just put the citation in the bibliography. State clearly: "Multilevel modeling was conducted using HLM 8.0 (Raudenbush et al., 2019) to account for the nested structure of the data."

Raudenbush, Stephen W., Anthony S. Bryk, Yeow Meng Thum, Richard T. Congdon, and Mathilda du Toit. HLM 8 . Computer software. Skokie, IL: Scientific Software International, 2019. Pro-Tip for Researchers Hlm Software Citation

Raudenbush, S. W., Bryk, A. S., Cheong, Y. F., Congdon, R. T., & du Toit, M. (2019). HLM 8 for Windows [Computer software]. Scientific Software International, Inc. Chicago Style

First, citation provides . Different versions of HLM software (e.g., HLM 7 vs. HLM 8) may use slightly different estimation algorithms or offer updated features like improved handling of missing data or new link functions for non-linear models. By citing the specific version, a researcher allows others to replicate the study’s exact conditions. The Importance of Software Citation in Quantitative Research

In the field of social sciences and educational statistics, has become the gold standard for analyzing nested or multilevel data structures—such as students within classrooms or patients within hospitals. Citing this software is not merely a formality; it is a critical component of research transparency and academic integrity.

Depending on the style guide you are using, the citation will look slightly different. Most researchers use APA style for HLM. APA 7th Edition (Raudenbush et al., 2019) Congdon, and Mathilda du Toit

Second, software citation serves as . The development of HLM represents decades of theoretical work by scholars like Stephen Raudenbush and Anthony Bryk. Acknowledging the software recognizes the bridge between complex statistical theory and practical application.