Energy is not a continuous flow but comes in discrete "packets" or chunks called quanta .
This theory introduces the idea that the laws of physics are the same for all observers moving at a constant speed, and that the speed of light is a universal constant. It famously led to the equation , showing that mass and energy are interchangeable. Introduction to the Basic Concepts of Modern Ph...
These particles interact through four fundamental forces: Gravity , Electromagnetism , the Strong Nuclear Force (which holds nuclei together), and the Weak Nuclear Force (responsible for radioactive decay). 4. Wave-Function and Probability Energy is not a continuous flow but comes
Unlike the deterministic nature of classical physics, modern physics is built on . The state of a particle is described by a mathematical "wave-function." Until an observation is made, a particle exists in a superposition of multiple states at once. The state of a particle is described by
Albert Einstein’s theories revolutionized our understanding of space, time, and mass.
Matter is composed of quarks (which make up protons and neutrons) and leptons (such as electrons).