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: The brain’s resident immune cells. They act as macrophages, scavenging for dead cells, debris, and pathogens.
: These cells produce myelin , a fatty sheath that wraps around axons to speed up electrical signals.
: Function similarly to oligodendrocytes by forming myelin sheaths around axons in the PNS, but also aid in nerve regeneration. neuroglia
: These line the brain's ventricles and help produce and circulate cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) using hair-like cilia. Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
Neuroglia are categorized by their location in either the Central Nervous System (CNS) or the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS). Central Nervous System (CNS) : The brain’s resident immune cells
Neuroglia, often called the "unsung heroes" of the nervous system, are non-neuronal cells that outnumber neurons and provide the essential support framework for the brain and spinal cord. While neurons handle information processing, neuroglia manage everything from immune defense to the physical insulation of nerve fibers. 🧠 Major Types of Neuroglia
: The most abundant glial cells. They maintain the blood-brain barrier, regulate the chemical environment (like potassium ions), and provide nutrients like lactate to neurons. : Function similarly to oligodendrocytes by forming myelin
: Surround neuron cell bodies in ganglia to provide physical support and regulate their chemical environment.
